Which elements describe secular music in the Renaissance?

Secular music in the Renaissance is characterized by its focus on topics outside of religious or sacred themes, which is reflected in the use of vernacular language and exploration of social themes. This music often addressed a range of human experiences, from love and nature to politics and daily life, making it more relatable to the general public compared to sacred music, which was typically composed in Latin and focused on religious content.

The use of vernacular language in secular music allowed for a broader audience to engage with and appreciate the music, as it was performed in the native languages of the people rather than the more formal Latin used in sacred compositions. This shift contributed to the overall cultural movement of the Renaissance, where personal expression and human experience took precedence.

In contrast, elements that might describe music of a sacred nature, such as religious texts and predictable harmonies or smooth melodies devoid of dissonance, reflect different stylistic choices and intentions that do not align with the essence of secular music during this period. Thus, the correct choice captures the spirit of Renaissance secular music effectively.