What is a symphony?

A symphony is characterized as a lengthy orchestral composition that typically consists of four movements. The structure of a symphony generally follows a specific format that often includes an allegro (fast), adagio (slow), a minuet or scherzo (which may be lively), and a final allegro. This four-movement structure allows for a range of musical expressions, dynamics, and thematic developments, making the symphony a significant and complex work in classical music. Composers like Beethoven, Mozart, and Mahler have famously contributed to this genre, creating symphonies that showcase the capabilities of an orchestra and push the boundaries of musical innovation.

In contrast, the other options represent different forms of music that do not align with the definition of a symphony. A short piece for piano, a type of musical theatre performance, and a collection of songs for a solo artist each serve distinct purposes and are structured in a way that does not encapsulate the extensive and intricate nature of a symphony.