What is a defining characteristic of a minor key?

A defining characteristic of a minor key is that it often conveys a sense of sadness or melancholy. This emotional quality is largely due to the intervals and scale structure of minor keys. The minor scale typically includes a lowered third degree compared to the major scale, which alters the mood of the music. Composers frequently use minor keys to evoke feelings of introspection, sorrow, or tension, which is why they are often associated with more somber or reflective themes.

The perception of minor keys as sad or melancholic is a widely recognized aspect across many genres of music. By successfully tapping into this emotional resonance, composers can create powerful expressive moments in their works.