What does 'instrumentation' refer to in music?

Instrumentation in music specifically refers to the selection of instruments that are used in a composition. This includes not only the type of instruments, such as strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion, but also the number of each instrument and how they interact within the piece. It plays a critical role in determining the overall sound and texture of the music, as different instruments contribute unique timbres and colors to the performance.

Understanding instrumentation is essential for analyzing a piece of music, as it affects how the music is arranged and perceived. For example, a composition for a full orchestra will sound vastly different from a piece composed for a solo piano. The specific choice of instruments can convey different emotions and atmospheres, influencing the listener's experience.